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-------------------------------------------------------------- This story was printed from ZDNet Australia. --------------------------------------------------------------
Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

By Mark Kaelin, silicon.com
February 26, 2008
URL: http://www.zdnet.com.au/insight/hardware/soa/Photos-Dissecting-a-dinosaur-the-Commodore-64/0,139023759,339286306,00.htm


Marvel at the machine that pioneered the person computer revolution; the Commodore 64. In this photo gallery we reveal the guts that gave the commodore 64 its glory.

In the early 1980s, the Commodore 64 was a very successful home personal computer. It not only played games, but also but also had word processing and a modem for downloading free and shareware applications. In many ways, the Commodore 64 was the pioneer of everything we take for granted in a personal computer world today.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

The Commodore 64 had a simple yet memorable logo.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

Cara Reynolds found our Commodore 64 on eBay. Because it included the original box we couldn't pass it up.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

The C64 was a true computer -- it ran not only entertainment but productivity applications too. There wasn't really an operating system -- the C64 loaded up a flavor of basic and waited for you to load a program.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

Here are the C64's specs, not impressive by today's standards, but surprisingly engaging in its day.

Note the emphasis on sound -- sound consisting of more than beeps was revolutionary at the time.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

Now that's a keyboard.

Keyboard layout has changed much in over 20 years, but there is one thing different about the C64 version. Note the ASCII and color labels on the keys when in the function mode. Sometimes the best graphics when programming in Basic were created with clever use of ASCII characters.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

The label says control port, but they are really just the holes you plug your joystick into.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

The large connection is where you would hook your external modem. Yes, even in the early 1980s there was an online world to tap into. Back then we referred to them as electronic bulletin boards.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

The C64 power brick is a monstrosity when compared to the power bricks you see for electronics today.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

I had a modem like this.

What could you download at 300 baud? Text mostly. At this speed, you received text at about the same speed you could read it.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

To see what a C64 displayed you had to hook it up to a television. We put our Commodore 64 into action before we took it apart.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

The Commodore 64 was extremely powerful in its day and we can still marvel at the beauty of its simple design.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

One of the first things you notice when you separate the case is that there is a huge piece of cardboard with tin foil on one side lying over the circuit board. Presumably this is for shield the electronic components.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

The keyboard and other electronic circuitry separate into halves.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

The keyboard connection is a familiar pins and plug setup.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

The C64 was a real chip farm inside, as indicated by this photo.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

RAM chips are the most numerous chips to be found on the mother board. They are located on the bottom right of this image.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

The two large chips on the bottom left are the Input/Output control chips. If your joysticks stop working, these chips are the likely culprit.

Above those we have the ROM Kernel chips which controlled the BASIC functions that acted as an operating system for the C64.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

The chips in his image are where the processing gets done. The 6510 CBM 1784 chip is where machine language is generated, the 906114 is a Programmable Logic Array, and the 6581 1484 is the SID sound chip.

The other chips in this photo are various logic chips from various manufacturers. HD is Hitachi for example.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

On this part of the motherboard you can see areas for video and power control.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

Those are some big capacitors. Electronics in the early 1980s was huge when you compare it to 2008.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

I'm guessing this is an inexpensive way to avoid static discharge to the various chips when you insert a modem or cartridge.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

Here is a closer look at the chips that handle joystick and keyboard input.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

The BASIC ROM Kernel for the C64 is contained on these chips.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

These two chips essentially make up the CPU of the system.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

The big chip is the SID sound processor and the smaller chips are various logic chips.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

Even in the early 1980s, Asia was the place where silicon chips were made. The Commodore 64 has chips from Malaysia and Japan.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

There are various chips under this first metal cover. The MC4044P chip is a Phase Frequency Detector for example. There was too much thermal paste on the big chip for me to get the numbers, but it was connected to the cover via a piece of copper which suggests it generated heat.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

The SN74LS629N is a Voltage-Controlled Oscillator. The chips under this first cover must control the flow of power into the C64.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

The chips located under the second cover control the video out to a monitor or television.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

A closer look at the components responsible for video output.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

Confirmation - we are looking at the insides of a Commodore 64.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

We got a modem with our Commodore 64 -- might as well find out what is inside.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

Not much to a modem back then -- simple and elegant.

Photos: Dissecting a dinosaur, the Commodore 64

It's a good thing solder is cheap.


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